Just a quick post about a little theory I’ve had and the results of some research I’ve done.
Despite the many sociological, technological, cultural, logistical, health and [insert other such words here] problems associated with such a scenario, if we had to, how could we, as humans, go about building one major city that would focus nearly all of our population, and use the rest of the unused space on Earth for more efficient agricultural and mining activities.
The City of Manila in the Phillipines. According to their 2007 Census, the city has a population of just over 1,660,000 people living in an area of 38.55km2. So, that rounds out to 43,079 people in each square kilometer of the city. As you might expect, it’s the most densely packed city on Earth. But being so densely packed, it’s probably not the most ideal place in the world to live.
So, for a counterbalance, let’s choose Los Angeles. All in all, not a bad place to live by most sources. In 2009, it was reported as having a population of around about 3,833,000 people, but they live within a city area of 1,214.9 km2. That evens out to a much more comfortable 3,155 people for every square kilometer.
According to US Census World POPClock Projection, at the time I’m writing this (11/18/10 at 06:10 UTC (EST+5)), there are estimated to be 6,882,253,988 alive on earth. And that’s a lot of people… So, where do we find room for them?
Using the existing densities of 43,079/km2 from Manila and 3,155/km2 from LA, let’s see just what kind of an area we could compact all of Earth in to.
Based on Manila Density:
6,882,253,988 people / 43,079/km2 = 159,758km2. For a comparison of the size, the country of Tunisia is 163,610km2, and is home to about 10 million people.
Based on Los Angeles Density:
6,882,253,988 people / 2,970.4/km2 = 2,316,945km2. For a comparison of the size, the country of Algeria (which is right next to Tunisia. Go figure) is 2,381,741km2, and is estimated to be home to about 35 million people.
And just for fun, suppose one day humanity did hit a sustainable 20 billion people…
Based on Los Angeles Density with 20 billion humans:
20,000,000,000 people / 2,970.4/km2 = 6,733,099.9km2. For a comparison of the size, the entire Australian continent is 7,692,024km2, and it is presently home to only 22.5 million people.
Now, given that we’d need a lot of room for logistics, infrastructure, and other such things in a city so massive add anywhere between 20%-50% on top of the existing estimates.
All things considered, to future-proof most of the city, and place it in an ideal geographical location, Europe would most likely be the most hospitable area. Covering just about 10,000,000km2, I’m thinking there’d be enough room there to build a pretty enormous city.
But, for all of this theory, that would still require demolishing most of Europe, relocating all the worlds population, planning a metropolis the size of a continent, hyper-industrialism to build the city, much more clean and efficient means of power generation, and probably hardest of all, consolidating and merging all of humanity under a single government.
So… yeah. This won’t happen any time soon. Could make a good premise for some sci-fi, though.
Orthrographic Projections of each country mentioned

Tunisia
Closest to Manila-based estimate

Algeria
Closest to Los Angeles-based estimate.

Europe
Potentially the most ideal place for this towering metropolis?